Bio-Inspired and Nanoscale Integrated Computing | by Mary Mehrnoosh Eshaghian-Wilner | 2009 | ISBN: 9780470116593. DNA Sequence Matching at Nanoscale Level. MATERIALS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY. Molecular Computing. Quantum Computing. Biomimetic Cortical Nanocircuits. Medical Nanorobotics. Nanomagnetic Recording.
Bio-Inspired and Nanoscale Integrated Computing
by Mary Mehrnoosh Eshaghian-Wilner
2009 (555 pages)
ISBN:9780470116593
Drawing from the latest advances in biology with a focus on bio-inspired computing at the nanoscale, this pioneering book demonstrates how nanotechnology can create even faster, denser computing architectures and algorithms.
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Bio-Inspired and Nanoscale Integrated Computing
Foreword
Preface
Chapter 1 – An Introduction to Nanocomputing
1.1: INTRODUCTION
1.2: WHAT IS NANOCOMPUTING?
1.3: THE MICROCOMPUTING ERA: THE TRANSISTOR AS A SWITCH
1.4: BEYOND THE TRANSISTOR: NANOSCALE DEVICES
1.5: BEYOND THE SWITCH ABSTRACTION: NANOSCALE PARADIGMS
1.6: BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
1.7: NANOCOMPUTING AND NEUROSCIENCE
1.8: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 2 – Nanoscale Devices—Applications and Modeling
2.1: INTRODUCTION
2.2: MATERIALS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
2.3: WORKING AT THE NANOSCALE
2.4: NANODEVICE APPLICATIONS
2.5: MODELING AND SIMULATING NANODEVICES
2.6: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 3 – Quantum Computing
3.1: INTRODUCTION
3.2: QUANTUM COMPUTING MODELS
3.3: COMPLEXITY BOUNDS FOR QC
3.4: BOUNDS ON MEASUREMENT, SENSING, AND COMMUNICATION
3.5: QUANTUM COMPRESSION
3.6: QUANTUM ERROR-CORRECTING CODES
3.7: QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY
3.8: OTHER ALGORITHMIC APPLICATIONS OF QC
3.9: POSSIBLE TECHNOLOGIES FOR DOING QC
3.10: RESOURCE BOUNDS
3.11: SUMMARY AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
3.12: APPENDIX: VOLUME OF OBSERVATION APPARATUS FOR QUANTUM COMPUTING
3.13: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 4 – Computing with Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata
4.1: INTRODUCTION
4.2: THE CAD TOOL: QCADesigner
4.3: THE QCA CELL
4.4: GROUND STATE COMPUTING
4.5: CLOCKING
4.6: INPUT/OUTPUT INTERFACING
4.7: QCA LOGIC
4.8: FIXED POLARIZATION CELLS
4.9: WIRE CROSSING
4.10: QCADesigner: SIMULATION ENGINES
4.11: EXAMPLE CIRCUIT DESIGNS
4.12: QCA FABRICATION
4.13: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 5 – Dielectrophoretic Architectures
OVERVIEW
5.1: INTRODUCTION TO DIELECTROPHORESIS
5.2: DIELECTROPHORETIC ASSEMBLY AND TRANSPORT OF NANODEVICES
5.3: DIELECTROPHORETIC RECONFIGURATION OF NANODEVICES
5.4: LARGER-SCALE ARCHITECTURES
5.5: CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCES
Chapter 6 – Multilevel and Three-Dimensional Nanomagnetic Recording
6.1: INTRODUCTION
6.2: MULTILEVEL MAGNETIC RECORDING
6.3: MULTILEVEL DATA ENCODING
6.4: CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Chapter 7 – Spin-Wave Architectures
7.1: INTRODUCTION
7.2: SPIN-WAVE ARCHITECTURES
7.3: SPIN-WAVE CROSSBAR
7.4: SPIN-WAVE RECONFIGURABLE MESH
7.5: SPIN-WAVE FULLY INTERCONNECTED CLUSTER
7.6: MULTISCALE HIERARCHICAL ARCHITECTURE
7.7: PRELIMINARY IMPLEMENTATIONS
7.8: EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
7.9: THE PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
7.10: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 8 – Parallel Computing with Spin Waves
8.1: INTRODUCTION
8.2: PARALLEL ALGORITHM DESIGN TECHNIQUES
8.3: PARALLEL ROUTING AND BROADCASTING
8.4: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 9 – Nanoscale Standard Digital Modules
9.1: INTRODUCTION
9.2: NANOSCALE SPIN-WAVE STANDARD ARITHMETIC MODULES
9.3: NANOSCALE SPIN-WAVE STANDARD LOGIC
9.4: MORE COMPLEX NANOSCALE SPIN-WAVE DIGITAL MODULES
9.5: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 10 – Fault- and Defect-Tolerant Architectures for Nanocomputing
10.1: INTRODUCTION
10.2: FAULT TOLERANCE THROUGH REDUNDANCY
10.3: DEFECT TOLERANCE THROUGH RECONFIGURATION
10.4: RELIABILITY EVALUATION OF DEFECT/FAULT-TOLERANT NANOCOMPUTING
10.5: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 11 – Molecular Computing—Integration of Molecules for Nanocomputing
OVERVIEW
11.1: INTRODUCTION
11.2: SWITCHING AND MEMORY IN MOLECULAR BUNDLES
11.3: CIRCUIT AND ARCHITECTURES IN MOLECULAR COMPUTING
11.4: MEET-IN-BETWEEN PARADIGM
11.5: MOLECULAR GRAFTING FOR SILICON COMPUTING
11.6: CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Chapter 12 – Self-Assembly of Supramolecular Nanostructures—Ordered Arrays of Metal Ions and Carbon Nanotubes
12.1: INTRODUCTION
12.2: METAL ION ARRAYS (MIAS)
12.3: METAL ION NETWORKS (MINs)
12.4: SELF-ASSEMBLY OF CARBON NANOTUBES (CNTs)
12.5: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 13 – DNA Nanotechnology and its Biological Applications
13.1: INTRODUCTION
13.2: INTRODUCTORY DEFINITIONS
13.3: ADELMAN’S INITIAL DEMONSTRATION OF A DNA-BASED COMPUTATION
13.4: SELF-ASSEMBLED DNA TILES AND LATTICES
13.5: AUTONOMOUS FINITE-STATE COMPUTATION USING LINEAR DNA NANOSTRUCTURES
13.6: ASSEMBLING PATTERNED AND ADDRESSABLE 2D DNA LATTICES
13.7: ERROR CORRECTION AND SELF-REPAIR AT THE MOLECULAR SCALE
13.8: THREE-DIMENSIONAL DNA LATTICES
13.9: AUTONOMOUS MOLECULAR TRANSPORT DEVICES SELF-ASSEMBLED FROM DNA
13.10: AUTONOMOUS MOLECULAR CASCADE DEVICES FOR MOLECULAR SENSING
13.11: CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Chapter 14 – DNA Sequence Matching at Nanoscale Level
14.1: INTRODUCTION
14.2: PRELIMINARIES
14.3: PO-MSAG FORMATION FOR CONSTANT VARIATION
14.4: PO-MSAG FORMATION FOR O(N) VARIATION
14.5: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 15 – Computational Tasks in Medical Nanorobotics
15.1: INTRODUCTION
15.2: EXEMPLAR MEDICAL NANOROBOT DESIGNS
15.3: COMMON FUNCTIONS REQUIRING ONBOARD COMPUTATION
15.4: NANOROBOT CONTROL PROTOCOLS
15.5: CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Chapter 16 – Heterogeneous Nanostructures for Biomedical Diagnostics—Bio-Inspired Multiscale Structures with NEMS and MEMS Components
16.1: INTRODUCTION
16.2: MICROSCALE COMPONENTS
16.3: NANOSCALE COMPONENTS
16.4: BIOMEDICAL-INSPIRED MICRO-AND NANOCOMPONENTS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
16.5: INTEGRATED MICRO- AND NANOSCALE COMPONENTS BIOFUEL CELLS
16.6: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 17 – Biomimetic Cortical Nanocircuits
17.1: INTRODUCTION AND MOTIVATION
17.2: CHAPTER OVERVIEW
17.3: RELATED WORK
17.4: A CARBON NANOTUBE SYNAPSE
17.5: CURRENT PREDICTION RESEARCH
17.6: CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
Chapter 18 – Biomedical and Biomedicine Applications of CNTs
18.1: INTRODUCTION
18.2: FUNCTIONALIZATION OF CARBON NANOTUBES
18.3: POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF CARBON NANOTUBES IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
18.4: COMMERCIAL BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF CARBON NANOTUBES
18.5: RESEARCH TOOLS FOR DISCOVERING NEW DRUGS
18.6: ISSUES IN THE BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
18.7: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 19 – Nanoscale Image Processing
19.1: IMAGE PROCESSING ALGORITHMS
19.2: DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORM
19.3: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 20 – Concluding Remarks at the Beginning of a New Computing ERA
OVERVIEW
20.1: MATERIALS PRESENTED IN THIS BOOK
20.2: NANOCOMPUTING RESEARCH AND FUNDING
20.3: PATENTING ISSUES IN NANOCOMPUTING
20.4: SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF NANOCOMPUTING
20.5: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
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Biosensing Using Nanomaterials | by Arben Merkoçi | 2009 | ISBN: 9780470183090. Carbon Nanotube-Based Sensors and Biosensors. SEQUENCING OF DNA USING CNTs. NANOPARTICLE-BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSORS. QUANTUM DOT BIOSENSING. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy-Based Biosensing.
Biosensing Using Nanomaterials
by Arben Merkoçi
2009 (499 pages)
ISBN:9780470183090
Introducing novel concepts in the area of bioanalysis based on nanomaterials, this book opens new opportunities for basic research and new tools for real bioanalytical applications.
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Biosensing Using Nanomaterials
Series Preface
Preface
Part I – Carbon Nanotubes
Chapter 1 – Carbon Nanotube—Based Sensors and Biosensors
1.1: INTRODUCTION TO THE STRUCTURE OF CARBON NANOTUBES
1.2: ELECTROANALYSIS USING CNT-MODIFIED ELECTRODES
1.3: ADVANTAGEOUS APPLICATION OF CNTs IN SENSORS: pH SENSING
1.4: CARBON NANOTUBE-BASED BIOSENSORS
1.5: USING CNTs IN BIOSENSOR PRODUCTION FOR MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 2 – Isotropic Display of Biomolecules on CNT-Arrayed Nanostructures
2.1: INTRODUCTION: CNT ARRAYS FOR BIOSENSING
2.2: FUNCTIONALIZATION OF CNTs: CONTROLLING DISPLAY THROUGH COVALENT ATTACHMENT
2.3: SELF-ASSEMBLING INTERFACES: ANCHOR-PROBE APPROACH
2.4: MOLECULAR WIRING OF REDOX ENZYMES
2.5: MULTIPLEXING BIOMOLECULES ON NANOSCALE CNT ARRAYS
2.6: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 3 – Interaction of DNA with CNTs—Properties and Prospects for Electronic Sequencing
3.1: INTRODUCTION
3.2: STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF COMBINED DNA-CNT SYSTEMS
3.3: ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE
3.4: OPTICAL PROPERTIES
3.5: BIOSENSING AND SEQUENCING OF DNA USING CNTs
3.6: SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Part II – Nanoparticles
Chapter 4 – Improved Electrochemistry of Biomolecules Using Nanomaterials
4.1: INTRODUCTION
4.2: CNT-BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSORS
4.3: NANOPARTICLE-BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSORS
4.4: QUANTUM DOT-BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSORS
4.5: CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK
REFERENCES
Chapter 5 – The Metal Nanoparticle Plasmon Band as a Powerful Tool for Chemo- and Biosensing
5.1: INTRODUCTION
5.2: THE SPB: AN OPTICAL PROPERTY OF METAL NPS
5.3: PLASMON BAND VARIATION UPON AGGREGATION OF NANOPARTICLES
5.4: PLASMON BAND VARIATION ON THE ENVIRONMENT OR LIGAND ALTERATION
5.5: METAL NANOPARTICLES AS LABELS
5.6: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 6 – Gold Nanoparticles—A Versatile Label for Affinity Electrochemical Biosensors
6.1: INTRODUCTION
6.2: SYNTHESIS OF AuNPs
6.3: CHARACTERIZATION OF AuNPs
6.4: AuNPs AS DETECTING LABELS FOR AFFINITY BIOSENSORS
6.5: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 7 – Quantum Dots for the Development of Optical Biosensors Based on Fluorescence
7.1: INTRODUCTION
7.2: QUANTUM DOTs
7.3: BASIC PHOTOPHYSICS AND QUANTUM CONFINEMENT
7.4: QUANTUM DOT SURFACE CHEMISTRY AND BIOCONJUGATION
7.5: BIOANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS OF QUANTUM DOTs AS FLUORESCENT LABELS
7.6: FLUORESCENCE RESONANCE ENERGY TRANSFER AND QUANTUM DOT BIOSENSING
7.7: SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Chapter 8 – Nanoparticle-Based Delivery and Biosensing Systems—An Example
8.1: INTRODUCTION
8.2: FUNCTIONAL COLLOIDAL NANOPARTICLES
8.3: POLYELECTROLYTE CAPSULES AS A FUNCTIONAL CARRIER SYSTEM
8.4: UPTAKE OF CAPSULES BY CELLS
8.5: DELIVERY AND SENSING WITH POLYELECTROLYTE CAPSULES
8.6: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 9 – Luminescent Quantum Dot FRET-Based Probes in Cellular and Biological Assays
9.1: INTRODUCTION
9.2: LUMINESCENT QUANTUM DOTS
9.3: FLUORESCENCE RESONANCE ENERGY TRANSFER
9.4: QUANTUM DOT FRET-BASED PROTEASE PROBES
9.5: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 10 – Quantum Dot—Polymer Bead Composites for Biological Sensing Applications
10.1: INTRODUCTION
10.2: QUANTUM DOT-COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION
10.3: APPLICATIONS OF QD COMPOSITES
10.4: FUTURE DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 11 – Quantum Dot Applications in Biomolecule Assays
11.1: INTRODUCTION TO QDs AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
11.2: PREPARATION OF QDs FOR CONJUGATION WITH BIOMOLECULES AND CELLS
11.3: SPECIAL OPTOELECTRONIC PROPERTIES IN THE BIOEMPLOYMENT OF QDs
11.4: EMPLOYMENT OF QDs AS BIOSENSING INDICATORS
REFERENCES
Chapter 12 – Nanoparticles and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy—Based Biosensing
12.1: ICP-MS AND APPLICATION POSSIBILITIES
12.2: DETECTION OF METAL IONS
12.3: DETECTION OF NANOPARTICLES
12.4: ANALYSIS OF METAL-CONTAINING BIOMOLECULES
12.5: BIOANALYSIS BASED ON LABELING WITH METAL NANOPARTICLES
12.6: CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Part III – Nanostructured Surfaces
Chapter 13 – Integration between Template-Based Nanostructured Surfaces and Biosensors
13.1: INTRODUCTION
13.2: NANOSPHERE LITHOGRAPHY
13.3: NANOELECTRODES ENSEMBLE FOR BIOSENSING DEVICES
13.4: CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES
Chapter 14 – Nanostructured Affinity Surfaces for MALDI-TOF-MS—Based Protein Profiling and Biomarker Discovery
14.1: PROTEOMICS AND BIOMARKERS
14.2: MALDI IN THEORY AND PRACTICE
14.3: CARBON NANOMATERIALS
14.4: NEAR-INFRARED DIFFUSE REFLECTION SPECTROSCOPY OF CARBON NANOMATERIALS
REFERENCES
Part IV – Nanopores
Chapter 15 – Biosensing with Nanopores
15.1: NANOPOROUS MATERIALS IN SENSING
15.2: NANOCHANNEL AND NANOPORE FABRICATION
15.3: SURFACE MODIFICATION CHEMISTRY
15.4: NONELECTRICAL NANOPOROUS BIOSENSORS
15.5: ELECTRICAL NANOPOROUS BIOSENSORS
15.6: SUMMARY
REFERENCES
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